Android RecyclerView 範例 – 多種 ViewTypes

教學
Android

到目前為止，我們已在RecyclerView中顯示了相同類型的視圖。在本教程中，我們將在RecyclerView中實現異構布局。

RecyclerView

具有異構布局的RecyclerView通常用於顯示部分標題和詳細信息（兩者都需要不同的布局，因此需要不同的視圖類型）。此外，它用於新聞提要應用程序（如Facebook、Instagram），用於顯示不同類型的基本不同視圖。例如：文本、圖片、gif、視頻等。這些每個都需要RecyclerView內的不同布局類型。它還用於導航抽屜，將標題與其他部分分開。讓我們立即在我們的應用程序中實現它，不浪費任何時間。

Android RecyclerView多個ViewType項目結構

我們將實現三種視圖類型（文本、圖像、音頻），分別通過三種不同的佈局載入。每個視圖類型在適配器類中都有自己的實現。

代碼

我們的activity_main.xml包含CoordinatorLayout作為根視圖，RecyclerView作為其子視圖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    tools:context="com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype.MainActivity">

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay" />

    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />


</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

請注意RecyclerView內部的app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"一行。如果刪除此行，RecyclerView將在整個屏幕上滾動，從而與AppBarLayout重疊。下面給出了在Adapter中填充數據的Model.java類

public class Model {

    public static final int TEXT_TYPE=0;
    public static final int IMAGE_TYPE=1;
    public static final int AUDIO_TYPE=2;

    public int type;
    public int data;
    public String text;

    public Model(int type, String text, int data)
    {
        this.type=type;
        this.data=data;
        this.text=text;
    }
}

它由三種數據類型組成。

  1. int type保存視圖類型的常量。
  2. String text包含將顯示在TextView中的字符串。
  3. int data變量用於存儲相應的數據，我們將進行填充。理想情況下，它將包含一個drawable或原始類型的資源。

下面給出了MainActivity.java類

package com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.OrientationHelper;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
        
        ArrayList<Model> list= new ArrayList();
        list.add(new Model(Model.TEXT_TYPE,"Hello. This is the Text-only View Type. Nice to meet you",0));
        list.add(new Model(Model.IMAGE_TYPE,"Hi. I display a cool image too besides the omnipresent TextView.",R.drawable.wtc));
        list.add(new Model(Model.AUDIO_TYPE,"Hey. Pressing the FAB button will playback an audio file on loop.",R.raw.sound));
        list.add(new Model(Model.IMAGE_TYPE,"Hi again. Another cool image here. Which one is better?",R.drawable.snow));

        MultiViewTypeAdapter adapter = new MultiViewTypeAdapter(list,this);
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, OrientationHelper.VERTICAL, false);

        RecyclerView mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
        mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
        mRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

R.raw.sound是一個將在音頻視圖類型中播放的sound.mp3文件。RecyclerView的適配器類包含需要重寫的三個主要方法。

  • getItemViewType()
  • onCreateViewHolder()
  • onBindViewHolder()

我們將在getItemViewType()方法中使用switch語句返回相應的viewType。這個viewType變量是Adapter類的內部變量。它在onCreateViewHolder()和onBindViewHolder()中用於膨脹和填充映射的佈局。在我們跳入Adapter類的實現之前，讓我們看一下為每種視圖類型定義的佈局類型。text_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/type"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="10dp"
        />


</android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

image_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/type"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:padding="10dp"
            />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/background"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="150dp"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@drawable/snow"
            />

    </LinearLayout>

    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

audio_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">

        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/type"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:padding="10dp"
            />

        <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            android:tint="#FFFFFF"
            android:id="@+id/fab"
            android:layout_below="@+id/type"
            android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
            android:src="@drawable/volume"/>

        </RelativeLayout>

    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

注意：在build.gradle文件中添加以下依賴關係

compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:24.2.0'

確保appcompat依賴項的版本號與cardview相匹配。（對我來說目前是24.2.0，你可能不同）。我們將為上述每個佈局創建三個獨立的ViewHolder類，如下所示MultiViewTypeAdapter.java類。

package com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype;

import android.content.Context;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.v7.widget.CardView;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * Created by anupamchugh on 09/02/16.
 */
public class MultiViewTypeAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

    private ArrayList<Model>dataSet;
    Context mContext;
    int total_types;
    MediaPlayer mPlayer;
    private boolean fabStateVolume = false;

    public static class TextTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        CardView cardView;

        public TextTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.cardView = (CardView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.card_view);
        }
    }

    public static class ImageTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        ImageView image;

        public ImageTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.image = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.background);
        }
    }

    public static class AudioTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        FloatingActionButton fab;

        public AudioTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.fab = (FloatingActionButton) itemView.findViewById(R.id.fab);
        }
    }

    public MultiViewTypeAdapter(ArrayList<Model>data, Context context) {
        this.dataSet = data;
        this.mContext = context;
        total_types = dataSet.size();
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {

        View view;
        switch (viewType) {
            case Model.TEXT_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.text_type, parent, false);
                return new TextTypeViewHolder(view);
            case Model.IMAGE_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.image_type, parent, false);
                return new ImageTypeViewHolder(view);
            case Model.AUDIO_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.audio_type, parent, false);
                return new AudioTypeViewHolder(view);
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {

        switch (dataSet.get(position).type) {
            case 0:
                return Model.TEXT_TYPE;
            case 1:
                return Model.IMAGE_TYPE;
            case 2:
                return Model.AUDIO_TYPE;
            default:
                return -1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, final int listPosition) {

        Model object = dataSet.get(listPosition);
        if (object != null) {
            switch (object.type) {
                case Model.TEXT_TYPE:
                    ((TextTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);

                    break;
                case Model.IMAGE_TYPE:
                    ((ImageTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);
                    ((ImageTypeViewHolder) holder).image.setImageResource(object.data);
                    break;
                case Model.AUDIO_TYPE:

                    ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);

                    ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {

                            if (fabStateVolume) {
                                if (mPlayer.isPlaying()) {
                                    mPlayer.stop();

                                }
                                ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setImageResource(R.drawable.volume);
                                fabStateVolume = false;

                            } else {
                                mPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(mContext, R.raw.sound);
                                mPlayer.setLooping(true);
                                mPlayer.start();
                                ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setImageResource(R.drawable.mute);
                                fabStateVolume = true;

                            }
                        }
                    });
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return dataSet.size();
    }
}

在上述代碼中，我們保留了一個全局布林變量，用於存儲在每次點擊時切換的音量按鈕狀態（同時更改FloatingActionButton的圖像資源）。上述應用的輸出如下所示。這結束了本教程。您可以從下面的鏈接下載最終的Android RecyclerViewMultipleViewType項目。

下載Android RecyclerView多個View類型項目

Source:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/android-recyclerview-example