Android RecyclerView示例 – 多个View类型

教程
Android

到目前为止，我们在一个RecyclerView中显示了相同类型的视图。在本教程中，我们将在RecyclerView中实现异构布局。

RecyclerView

具有异构布局通常用于显示部分标题和详细信息（两者需要不同的布局，因此使用不同的视图类型）。此外，它还在新闻推送应用程序（如Facebook、Instagram）中使用，用于显示不同类型的本质上不同的视图。例如：文本、图片、gif、视频等。每种类型都需要在RecyclerView中使用不同的布局类型。它还用于导航抽屉，以将页眉与其余部分分开。在不浪费任何时间的情况下，让我们在我们的应用程序中实现它。

Android RecyclerView多视图类型项目结构

我们将实现三种视图类型（文本、图像、音频），它们由三种不同的布局填充。每种类型都在适配器类中有自己的实现。

代码

我们的 activity_main.xml 包含 CoordinatorLayout 作为根视图，而 RecyclerView 充当其子视图。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    tools:context="com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype.MainActivity">

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay" />

    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />


</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

请注意 RecyclerView 中的 app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior" 行。删除此行将使 RecyclerView 在整个屏幕上滚动，从而与 AppBarLayout 重叠。以下是用于填充适配器中数据的 Model.java 类

public class Model {

    public static final int TEXT_TYPE=0;
    public static final int IMAGE_TYPE=1;
    public static final int AUDIO_TYPE=2;

    public int type;
    public int data;
    public String text;

    public Model(int type, String text, int data)
    {
        this.type=type;
        this.data=data;
        this.text=text;
    }
}

它包含三种数据类型。

  1. int type 包含视图类型常量。
  2. String text 包含将显示在 TextView 中的字符串。
  3. int data 变量用于存储我们将填充的相应数据。理想情况下，它将包含可绘制或原始类型资源。

以下是 MainActivity.java 类

package com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.OrientationHelper;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
        
        ArrayList<Model> list= new ArrayList();
        list.add(new Model(Model.TEXT_TYPE,"Hello. This is the Text-only View Type. Nice to meet you",0));
        list.add(new Model(Model.IMAGE_TYPE,"Hi. I display a cool image too besides the omnipresent TextView.",R.drawable.wtc));
        list.add(new Model(Model.AUDIO_TYPE,"Hey. Pressing the FAB button will playback an audio file on loop.",R.raw.sound));
        list.add(new Model(Model.IMAGE_TYPE,"Hi again. Another cool image here. Which one is better?",R.drawable.snow));

        MultiViewTypeAdapter adapter = new MultiViewTypeAdapter(list,this);
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, OrientationHelper.VERTICAL, false);

        RecyclerView mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
        mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
        mRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
}

R.raw.sound 是一个将在 Audio View Type 中播放的 sound.mp3 文件。用于 RecyclerView 的适配器类包含需要覆盖的三个重要方法。

  • getItemViewType()
  • onCreateViewHolder()
  • onBindViewHolder()

我们将在getItemViewType()方法中使用switch语句返回相应的viewType。这个viewType变量是Adapter类内部的。它在onCreateViewHolder()和onBindViewHolder()方法中用于填充和设置映射的布局。在我们深入实现Adapter类之前，让我们先看一下为每种视图类型定义的布局类型。text_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/type"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="10dp"
        />


</android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

image_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/type"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:padding="10dp"
            />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/background"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="150dp"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@drawable/snow"
            />

    </LinearLayout>

    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

audio_type.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.CardView xmlns:card_view="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/card_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    card_view:cardElevation="10dp">

        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/type"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:padding="10dp"
            />

        <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            android:tint="#FFFFFF"
            android:id="@+id/fab"
            android:layout_below="@+id/type"
            android:layout_margin="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
            android:src="@drawable/volume"/>

        </RelativeLayout>

    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

注意：在build.gradle文件中添加以下CardView的依赖项

compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:24.2.0'

确保appcompat依赖项的版本号与cardview的版本号匹配。（目前我的版本是24.2.0，你的可能不同）我们将为上述每种布局创建三个单独的ViewHolder类，如下所示MultiViewTypeAdapter.java类。

package com.journaldev.recyclerviewmultipleviewtype;

import android.content.Context;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.v7.widget.CardView;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * Created by anupamchugh on 09/02/16.
 */
public class MultiViewTypeAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

    private ArrayList<Model>dataSet;
    Context mContext;
    int total_types;
    MediaPlayer mPlayer;
    private boolean fabStateVolume = false;

    public static class TextTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        CardView cardView;

        public TextTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.cardView = (CardView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.card_view);
        }
    }

    public static class ImageTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        ImageView image;

        public ImageTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.image = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.background);
        }
    }

    public static class AudioTypeViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView txtType;
        FloatingActionButton fab;

        public AudioTypeViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            this.txtType = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.type);
            this.fab = (FloatingActionButton) itemView.findViewById(R.id.fab);
        }
    }

    public MultiViewTypeAdapter(ArrayList<Model>data, Context context) {
        this.dataSet = data;
        this.mContext = context;
        total_types = dataSet.size();
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {

        View view;
        switch (viewType) {
            case Model.TEXT_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.text_type, parent, false);
                return new TextTypeViewHolder(view);
            case Model.IMAGE_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.image_type, parent, false);
                return new ImageTypeViewHolder(view);
            case Model.AUDIO_TYPE:
                view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.audio_type, parent, false);
                return new AudioTypeViewHolder(view);
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {

        switch (dataSet.get(position).type) {
            case 0:
                return Model.TEXT_TYPE;
            case 1:
                return Model.IMAGE_TYPE;
            case 2:
                return Model.AUDIO_TYPE;
            default:
                return -1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, final int listPosition) {

        Model object = dataSet.get(listPosition);
        if (object != null) {
            switch (object.type) {
                case Model.TEXT_TYPE:
                    ((TextTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);

                    break;
                case Model.IMAGE_TYPE:
                    ((ImageTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);
                    ((ImageTypeViewHolder) holder).image.setImageResource(object.data);
                    break;
                case Model.AUDIO_TYPE:

                    ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).txtType.setText(object.text);

                    ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View view) {

                            if (fabStateVolume) {
                                if (mPlayer.isPlaying()) {
                                    mPlayer.stop();

                                }
                                ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setImageResource(R.drawable.volume);
                                fabStateVolume = false;

                            } else {
                                mPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(mContext, R.raw.sound);
                                mPlayer.setLooping(true);
                                mPlayer.start();
                                ((AudioTypeViewHolder) holder).fab.setImageResource(R.drawable.mute);
                                fabStateVolume = true;

                            }
                        }
                    });
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return dataSet.size();
    }
}

在上面的代码中，我们保留了一个全局布尔变量，用于存储音量按钮的状态，该状态在每次点击时切换（同时更改FloatingActionButton的图像资源）。上述应用程序的输出如下所示。 这就结束了本教程。您可以从下面的链接下载最终的Android RecyclerViewMultipleViewType 项目。

下载Android RecyclerView多个视图类型项目

Source:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/android-recyclerview-example