Python操作符允许我们对变量进行常见处理。我们将通过示例来了解不同类型的操作符,还会了解操作符的优先级。它们是可以操作一个或多个操作数的特殊符号。
Python操作符列表
Python操作符可以分为几类。
- 赋值操作符
- 算术操作符
- 逻辑操作符
- 比较操作符
- 位操作符
Python赋值操作符
赋值操作符包括基本的赋值操作符等于号(=)。
但为了简化代码并减少冗余,Python还包括算术赋值操作符。
这包括Python中的+=操作符用于加法赋值,//=地板除法赋值操作符,以及其他操作符。
以下是Python中所有算术赋值操作符的列表。
Operator | Description |
---|---|
+= | a+=b is equivalent to a=a+b |
*= | a*=b is equivalent to a=a*b |
/= | a/=b is equivalent to a=a/b |
%= | a%=b is equivalent to a=a%b |
**= | a**=b is equivalent to a=a**b (exponent operator) |
//= | a//=b is equivalent to a=a//b (floor division) |
使用赋值运算符
# 取两个变量,使用赋值运算符赋值
a=3
b=4
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a+b
a+=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a*b
a*=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a/b
a/=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a%b
a%=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a**b(指数运算符)
a**=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
# 相当于 a=a//b(取整除)
a//=b
print("a: "+str(a))
print("b: "+str(b))
Python算术运算符
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
+ | used to add two numbers | sum = a + b |
– | used for subtraction | difference = a – b |
* | used to multiply two numbers. If a string and int is multiplied then the string is repeated the int times. | mul = a*b>>> “Hi”*5 |
‘HiHiHiHiHi’ | ||
/ | used to divide two numbers | div = b/a |
% | modulus operator, returns the remainder of division | mod = a%b |
** | exponent operator |
# 创建两个变量
a=100
b=200
# 加法(+)运算符
print(a+b)
# 减法(-)运算符
print(a-b)
# 乘法(*)运算符
print(a*b)
# 除法(/)运算符
print(b/a)
# 取模(%)运算符
print(a%b) # prints the remainder of a/b
# 指数(**)运算符
print(a**b) #prints a^b
Python比较运算符
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
== | returns True if two operands are equal, otherwise False. | flag = a == b |
!= | returns True if two operands are not equal, otherwise False. | flag = a != b |
> | returns True if left operand is greater than the right operand, otherwise False. | flag = a > b |
< | returns True if left operand is smaller than the right operand, otherwise False. | flag = a < b |
>= | returns True if left operand is greater than or equal to the right operand, otherwise False. | flag = a > b |
<= | returns True if left operand is smaller than or equal to the right operand, otherwise False. | flag = a < b |
# create two variables
a=100
b=200
# (==) operator, checks if two operands are equal or not
print(a==b)
# (!=) operator, checks if two operands are not equal
print(a!=b)
# (>) operator, checks left operand is greater than right operand or not
print(a>b)
# (<) operator, checks left operand is less than right operand or not
print(a<b)
#(>=) operator, checks left operand is greater than or equal to right operand or not
print(a>=b)
# (<=) operator, checks left operand is less than or equal to right operand or not
print(a<=b)
# 创建两个变量
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
& | Binary AND Operator | x = 10 & 7 = 2 |
Binary OR Operator | ||
^ | Binary XOR Operator | x = 10 ^ 7 = 13 |
~ | Binary ONEs Compliment Operator | x = ~10 = -11 |
<< | Binary Left Shift operator | x = 10<<1 = 20 |
>> | Binary Right Shift Operator | x = 10>>1 = 5 |
#create two variables
a=10 # binary 1010
b=7 # binary 0111
# Binary AND (&) operator, done binary AND operation
print(a&b)
# Binary OR (|) operator, done binary OR operation
print(a|b)
# Binary XOR (^) operator, done binary XOR operation
print(a^b)
# Binary ONEs Compliment (~) operator, done binary One's Compliment operation
print(~a)
# Binary Left Shift (<<) operator, done binary Left Shift operation
print(a<<1)
# Binary Right Shift (>>) operator, done binary Right Shift operation
print(a>>1)
# (==)运算符,检查两个操作数是否相等
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
and | Logical AND Operator | flag = exp1 and exp2 |
or | Logical OR Operator | flag = exp1 or exp2 |
not | Logical NOT Operator | flag = not(True) = False |
# (!=)运算符,检查两个操作数是否不相等
a=int(input())
# (>)运算符,检查左操作数是否大于右操作数
if a%4==0 and a%3==0:
print("divided by both 4 and 3")
# (<) 运算符, 检查 左 操作数 是否 小于 右 操作数 或 不 小于
if a%4==0 or a%3==0:
print("either divided by 4 or 3")
# (<=)运算符,检查左操作数是否小于或等于右操作数
if not(a%4==0 or a%3==0):
print("neither divided by 4 nor 3")
Python位运算符
#创建两个变量
>>> 2+3*4
# 二进制与(&)运算符,完成二进制与运算
# 二进制或(|)运算符,完成二进制或运算
- # 二进制异或(^)运算符,完成二进制异或运算
- # 二进制取反(~)运算符,完成二进制取反运算
- # 二进制左移(<<) 运算符,完成 二进制 左 移 位 运算
- Python逻辑运算符
- #将用户输入转换为整数
- # 逻辑与运算
- # 逻辑或运算
- # 逻辑非运算
- Python运算符优先级
- 这些运算符的优先级指的是运算符的优先级水平。当一个表达式中有多个运算符时,这变得至关重要。例如,考虑以下表达式:
Source:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/python-operators